The differences between Pigment and Coating

 Pigment and coating refer to different materials and functions, particularly in paints, industrial finishes, and materials science. Here's a breakdown of the key differences:

1. Definition

Pigment:

A finely ground solid substance used to impart color, opacity, or other properties (like UV resistance) to a material. Pigments are usually insoluble and must be dispersed in a medium.

Coating:

A layer or film of material applied to a surface for protection, decoration, or functionality (e.g., anti-corrosion, waterproofing). Coatings may contain pigments as part of their formulation.

2. Function

Pigment:

Provides color.

May also give opacity, UV protection, chemical resistance, or magnetic/electrical properties.

Does not bind to surfaces by itself—needs a binder.

Coating:

Acts as a protective or decorative layer.

May prevent corrosion, wear, or chemical damage.

Includes binders, solvents, additives, and pigments (in pigmented coatings).

3. Composition

Pigment:

Typically inorganic (e.g., titanium dioxide, iron oxide) or organic (e.g., phthalocyanine blue).

Purely particulate – no liquid or binder included.

Coating:

A mixture of components:

Binders/resins (for adhesion and film formation),

Solvents or carriers (to control application),

Pigments (optional),

Additives (for flow, drying, etc.).

4. Role in Paint or Finish

Pigment:

One of the ingredients in paint.

Responsible for color and hiding power.

Coating:

The final product applied to a surface (e.g., paint, varnish, epoxy).

Contains pigment + binder + solvent + additives.

5. Examples

Pigments:

Titanium Dioxide (white)

Carbon Black (black)

Iron Oxide Red

Coatings:

Paint (a pigmented coating)

Clear varnish (a non-pigmented coating)

Epoxy coating for floors

Powder coatings

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